While neighboring Greece has its beautiful beaches, wonderful sunsets, and ancient ruins, the country of Turkey has its awe-inspiring natural landscape formations, a colorful and lively culture, and an eclectic mix of the Greek, Roman, and Ottoman structures. An all inclusive Turkey vacation boasts diversity when it comes to tourist attractions and holiday destinations and if you are looking for a vacation full of adventure and fun, it’s the place to be.

Troy

If you are looking for an Indiana Jones type of adventure then the site of one of the greatest wars in ancient literature must be your first stop in Turkey. Once thought to be a mythical place, the archaeological site of Troy that was excavated in 1865 is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Due to the many civilization and empires that took over Turkey in ancient times, Troy has a number of archaeological layers. The layer named Troy VII is, based on findings of several scientific studies, identified to have been the city that inspired Homer’s Troy.

Cappadocia

Leave those fancy shoes at your hotel room and put on your hiking shoes. Cappadocia, after all, is nothing if not for its exceptional natural rock formations. An ancient region of Anatolia in Turkey, Cappadocia is famous for beautiful conical rock formations called fairy chimneys, its troglodyte dwellings, and its underground cities. When you are in the midst of all these, it truly feels like you’re in another planet or you’ve gone back thousands of years back in time. Additionally, if your feet get too tired of exploring yet you still couldn’t get enough of the landscape, you can always see everything from above in a hot air balloon.

Pamukkale

Nature has bestowed upon this town in the western part of Turkey. It features breathtaking petrified calcium terraces with pools of hot springs that people can bathe in. These calcium terraces called travertines are truly a natural wonder that is worth a visit. Smaller, underground versions of the travertines are the Kaklik caves, which are a good 30 minutes away. Closer to town is another natural wonder, the hot mineral waters of Karahayit whose autumnal colors are a sight to behold. If you are looking to take a break from your adventurous vacation, head to Pamukkale. The town also boasts some historical sites like the larger than life Roman amphitheater of Hierapolis and the biblical location of Laodikya.

Istanbul

The city of Istanbul is probably the most vibrant and the liveliest city in the world when it comes to its people, its culture, its history, and its architecture. Here, you will see the best testament of the empires that ruled Turkey. Evidences of the Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman civilizations are found all over Istanbul and their magnificent architectures beautifully decorate the city’s night skyline like Christmas lights. Take a day or two to learn about Istanbul’s history through its basilicas, churches, mosques, castles, and palaces and don’t forget visit Dolmabahçe Palace’s world-famous double horseshoe staircase made of Baccarat crystal.

There are still plenty of places to discovery in Turkey like the ancient city of Ephesus, once the site of the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World; the Sumela monastery, which is hanging on the face of a really tall cliff; and the ancient city of Pergamon, once the site of the Altar of Zeus. Turkey is truly the place to go if you are looking for an adventure away from home.

A new dash of style and luxury has made its way to Siem Reap. The luxury boutique resort Alila Sothea has re-launched and re-opened, a stylish resort marking Alila’s entry into Cambodia. Located in Siem Reap, this latest addition to Alila’s lifestyle collection is nestled in the heart of Siem Reap, the throne of Khmer culture.

The location is famous for the UNESCO World Heritage Angkor Temples. With beautiful landscapes comprising gardens, fountains and magical waterways, all forming a lovely backdrop to the resorts’ contemporary interiors infused with Khmer traditions.

The Alila brand is widely famed for its stylish design and stunning architecture, and this latest property follows the same blueprint that sees the brand heralded as the world’s coolest chain by Sunday Times UK at the beginning of 2011. Alila delights visitors with its cultural sensitivity and unique experiences, and fans will not be disappointed with this new property. Fans will be rewarded with the many new initiatives incorporated under Alila Hospitalities at Alila managed properties.

All guests at Alila Sothea will benefit from the use of the Alila Tuk-Tuk services on call to enable leisurely exploration of the stunning local sites and town at their own pace. The service will provide guests will the use of a local mobile phone and a personal driver which will be at their beck and call. They can request pick-ups and transports from wherever in town, to and fro the resort.

The property also boast an award-winning Spa Alila, the recipient of Asian Spa 2010 Award for Eco-Spa of the Year. This award-winning spa was developed by Alila, strictly using locally developed products to deliver unique rejuvenating services that guests can look forward to. The brand’s emphasis on intimate spaces, unique design and culturally relevant experiences, the Alila Sothea makes the perfect addition to the burgeoning Alila portfolio.

As part of the launch, Alila Sothea is offering three introductory packages, each valid until 30th September 2011 –
• Siem Reap Escapade – US$207 per night for 3 nights at the Deluxe Room
• An Angkor Discovery – US$440 per night for 3 nights at the Queen Room
• A Royal Angkor Experience – US593 per night for 3 nights at the King Room
All packages are inclusive of airport transfer, breakfast, and use of the spa. For more information, please visit www.alilahotels.com/sothea

Spend a holiday in Greece and get to know a bit more about the culture, cuisine and history of the Greek nation. Their hospitality will win you over and the sunshine will keep you going back.

Beyond India’s popular Golden Triangle lies a calm desert terrain and a fairy-tale setting. Nellie Huang uncovers a mosaic of colors in the offbeat region of Rajasthan. Text by Nellie Huang (WildJunket).

With mystique and elegance, Rajasthan has the air of a dreamy Indian princess. It captivates with the old-world appeal of its ancient cities and the energy and fervor of its chaotic streets. There are few places quite as evocative as Rajasthan, the extensive region of Northwestern India bounded by the mystical Great Indian Desert on one end and the Aravalli mountain range on the other.

Legacies from the region’s prosperous past can be seen from its extravagant palaces, forts and temples – most of which are the country’s richest collections of architectural marvels. Backdropped by shimmering lake waters, giant sand dunes and the iridescent blue sky, the region’s natural beauty is unparalleled.

What makes Rajasthan such a compelling travel destination is its sense of authenticity: women adorn rainbow-colored saris and heavy silver anklets; while local men with swaggering moustaches and bulky orange and red turbans are seen carrying milk buckets on their heads. For many, Rajasthan epitomizes India
at its most exotic.

Pink Capital – Jaipur

Our journey begins in Jaipur, the chaotic capital of Rajasthan and the most visited city in the state. Rattling out of Delhi on a dusty sleeper train, my partner and I arrive in Jaipur at the wee hours of the morning in time to witness the city in a state of slumber. A moment like this is rare in Jaipur where chaos and mayhem are just part of their lifestyle.

As the third apex of India’s ‘Golden Triangle’ alongside Delhi and Agra, Jaipur has long been established on tourist itineraries. For first arrivals, Jaipur makes an excellent introduction to the region. As the first planned city in India and the capital of the royalty, it is home to the country’s most extravagant royal monuments. Although there are not many signs of prosperity on the streets of Jaipur these days, the ancient edifices remind us of its glorious past.

Amidst the raucous traffic, we hail a tuktuk – these three-wheelers are cheap, ubiquitous and supply a mild, pleasurable level of risk. Watching Jaipur swirl by, I soak in an inebriating mix of sounds, smells and sights. Deafening honks pierce through my ears and screeching halts send shudders through my body. My intrepid partner asks if he can try driving the tuktuk – resulting in a roar of laughter from our driver. Before handing over the ride, he says, “There are three things you need when you’re driving in India. Good brakes, good horn and…” he pauses for effect, “good luck!”

We weave our way into the old walled quarter of Pink City – a name given for good reason: its regal palaces, buildings and forts are splashed in pastel rose color, embellished with elaborate carvings. In the heart of it stands the emblematic City Palace, built by Jaipur’s first ruler, Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, and served as a royal residence, even to this day. The labyrinth of courtyards, royal gardens and peacock-carved gates give a glimpse into the past. Rising from the center of the palace grounds is the Diwan-I-Khas, a marble floored chamber that houses the world’s largest sterling silver vessels.

Other sites worth visiting include the largest and best-preserved observatory, Jantar Mantar – a World Heritage Site packed full of insightful astronomical discoveries; and the nearby Hawa Mahal, the Palace of Wind. Its unique five-storey exterior is also akin to the honeycomb of the beehive with its 953 windows decorated with intricate latticework.

History aside, Jaipur is best known for having the best handicraft and textiles in India on offer. Whether you’re on the hunt for tie-dye, silk, rugs or jewelry, the jumble of bazaars scattered throughout the old walled city will not disappoint. Tripolia Bazaar is the best market to buy shimmering lac bangles, but its myriad of carpets, bags and handicraft might prove equally tempting.

Desert Charm – Jaisalmer

For the first-time visitor, Rajasthan’s human masses and hectic traffic can be overwhelming, especially so in the tourist-trodden trails around Jaipur. But once you escape beyond – into the remote areas of Rajasthan, it’s easy to appreciate its allure.

We head west towards the India-Pakistan border in search for a real taste of Rajasthan. Etched on the rim of the burnished Thar Desert is the far-flung town of Jaisalmer. From the distance, it looks like the middle of nowhere; but as I soon discover, Jaisalmer is vigorously alive. Ten paces inside the old city walls and I’m already falling for its understated charisma.

Most cities in Rajasthan are defined by colors; Jaisalmer is no exception – earning its title as the Golden City. It’s easy to see why: in the heart of town, a towering honey-colored fort rises from the baked desert sand, like a shimmering mirage. This is the world’s oldest inhabited fort, made up of a mishmash of havelis (Rajasthan-style mansions), temples and an impressive ancient castle. The Jaisalmer castle, with its 99 beautiful bastions, is built almost entirely from yellow sandstone and seems to shine from within when bathing in the afternoon sun.

A local tells me the best way to see the old town of Jaisalmer is on foot. We meander through lanes lined with antique shops and jewelry stores, constantly fending off gentle persuasions from merchants, “Madam, come and take a look at my store!” We barter for beaded necklaces and silver bracelets before sipping chai on a rooftop cafe. In Jaisalmer, our pace slows down to a languid rhythm as we soak in the city’s undercurrent.

On the outskirts of town, the golden brown Thar Desert beckons. We embark on an overnight camel safari to experience living with a nomadic tribe. Hopping onto a jeep, we first travel to the Bada Bagh, a series of honeycombed royal cenotaphs, and visit the Amar Sagar temple complex before meeting our guide Mohammed. He resembles an Arabic Bedouin – a scarf wrapped around his head, a full-body tunic draped over his shoulders and a weathered, tanned look to accompany it.

We ride our camels past a distant oasis, over rippling sand dunes to a thatched hut in the middle of the dessert. “Welcome to my house!” Mohammed says. The evening is spent hanging out with Mohammed’s children and observing his wife cook. After a delicious meal of rice, dal, potato chutney and rotis cooked on an open fire, we roll out our sleeping mats and watch the sky dance before us.
Considered inaccessible by most travelers only a few decades ago, tourism had come knocking on Jaisalmer’s doors only in recent years. While most visitors make it to the capital city of Jaipur, only the hardy traveler ventures as far as Jaisalmer—which is why it has retained its charm.

Lakeside Romance – Udaipur

Our journey culminates at the impossibly romantic lakeside town of Udaipur – affectionately known as the Paris of the East. Blending in with its rustic, dreamy charms, Udaipur’s haphazard undercurrents and occasional buzz give it added character.

Udaipur is a confection of white havelis and pale yellow palaces studded with turrets, cupolas and latticed balconies overlooking Lake Picchola and backdropped by the Aravalli Mountains. From afar, the whimsical buildings seemingly float on the lake, casting its shadows on the water surface.

In the midst of the lake rises the Taj Lake Palace, one of the top heritage hotels in Udaipur. Many hotels in Udaipur have been converted from old palaces and mansions, refurbished to give a perfect blend of old-world charm and modern-day luxury. The hotel spreads across a four-acre island – an almost surreal vision in white marble. It can only be reached by boat and entry is for hotel guests only.

Like other cities in Rajasthan, Udaipur’s old town is centered on its flamboyant City Palace. In contrast to other palaces in the region, this one has the grandest gates, biggest courtyards and plushest furnishings. Mural paintings and carvings are washed in bright blue and red, while arch-shaped windows wedged with stained glass project rainbow colors.

Tucked within the maze-like old town is the Jagdish Temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu. As the largest temple in the city, the three-storied temple is made up of beautifully carved pillars, decorated ceilings and painted walls. The spire of the main temple is around 79 feet high, dominating the skyline of Udaipur. At the foothills of the temple, we witness devout pilgrims sending their offerings in the form of bright pink jasmine flowers to Lord Vishnu.

It serves as a reminder that Rajasthan is a world in its own – religiously faithful, naturally raw and most of all, culturally rich. Amidst the towns and cities is a place full of character, pride and beauty, as anyone who roams the streets of Rajasthan will know. One day, Rajasthan’s secluded towns might be transformed into busy tourist hubs, and the tinge of authenticity will be gone. My own dream is that Rajasthan – India’s Kaleidoscopic Nation – stays still in time, and that the future waits just a bit longer to arrive.

If you are planning a visit to Asia, don’t forget to check out Unearthing Asia, the best Asia travel portal focusing on Lifestyle, Culture and Attractions all over Asia. We have got some of the best travel ideas and inspirations in the region of Asia, such as this list of must-try Malaysian foods.

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Today we continue our offbeat excursions to explore the things to see and do in Central Asia. This week we visit Kyrgyzstan, a rural and mountainous country that will remind you of the gorgeous scenery of New Zealand yet with a very different and distinct nomadic culture. Some actually call it the “Switzerland of Central Asia” due to the fact that it’s a land-locked nation comprised almost wholly by the Tian Shan mountains. You’ll also hear that Kyrgyzstan is the most accessible of the ‘Stans, due to the rather straightforward visa process and availability of direct flights from major airports such as London Heathrow.

Photo credit - noviceromano

The People

The true highlight of this country is actually the people. In the capital of Bishkek there are many Russians, but outside of there you will find people who still live in traditional, nomadic ways. They travel by horse, not by car (probably a wise choice once you see the condition of the roads). By summer they live in yurts and by winters they have sturdier shelters. But despite living in what must be one of the harshest climates in Asia to be a nomadic culture, these are some of the most hospitable people in the world.

The stories of friendliness and warmth are endless, and something you’ll no doubt encounter on any visit here. Be sure to take note of the mingling of cultures; as mentioned, there are many Russians in the capital, but Russian influences can be seen even in the nomadic cultures. The Kyrgyzstan is a Muslim nation but the powerful Kyrgyz vodka that is prevalent in day to day life is obviously a holdover from the days of Russia.

Photo credit - noviceromano

The Scenery

Ok, so if people are the main highlight of Kyrgyzstan, the other thing that you’ll be here to see is the mountain scenery: unspoilt, endless, and awe-inspiring. It’s one of those places where a postcard just doesn’t describe how incredible it looks.

Song Kul Lake takes top marks. It is the second largest lake in the country, and it has the unique feature of being in a flat, hidden valley surrounded by snow capped peaks, hence the tourist draw. Spend your days horseback or walking the terrain covered by wildflowers; by night, before withdrawing to your yurt for the night, look at the stars which seem so close you could reach out and touch one.

Manzhyly, another nomadic outpost, sits on the shores of Lake Issyk-Kul and is another good base for hikes and exploring. There’s so many types of trails and sights, you can base yourself in one place yet have so many different experiences. Try to find an old Muslim cemetery; they’re filled with a kluge of sights, from metal yurts to sandstone mausoleums.

A great resource to use for help touring the countryside is Community Based Tourism Kyrgyzstan.

Photo credit - El Tuercas

The Drink

While the food in Kyrgyzstan is similar to that of the rest of Central Asia, the drink culture has developed a few specialities you will want to check out. As mentioned, vodka is very prevalent, and of course your hosts will offer you as much tea as you can drink. But the drink culture gets far more interesting than that.

For beer lovers, there’s “bozo” which is a bitter made from wheat, not hops. It’s served more like a UK real ale – room temperature and a bit frothy. Come summer you’ll have “jarma”, a refreshing concoction made of fermented barley. If you like your spirits and the vodka is too much for you, sample some “Kyrgyzstan Cognac,” a type of brandy.

And if after all that booze you find you have a sore head the next day, ask for some kumys – fermented mare’s milk. It’s known to have restorative properties, but is definitely an acquired taste, so if you’ve not got a solid stomach then it is probably best to stick to the mineral water.

If You Go

Unless you are a passport holder of one of the former Soviet nations or Japan, you’ll need a visa. Most Europeans and other major English speaking nations can obtain a visa from their embassy or consulate before travel or upon arrival at the airport and do not require registration with local officials upon arrival.

Note that if you enter the country via an unmanned border crossing you may have trouble exiting, so be sure to get your passport stamped.

Kyrgyzstan is a relatively safe country, but women are strongly advised not to travel alone and travel by car in the mountainous regions can be treacherous. The roads are being refurbished throughout the country but conditions are still quite rough.

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The next stop in our tour of the “new” backpacker circuit in Central Asia is Uzbekistan. Landlocked nation with the exception of the bordering Aral Sea, the Uzbek countryside is a series of deserts and dunes. It has a reputation for being unfriendly to foreigners (and perhaps unfriendly to locals too), but there’s still some gems to be unearthed. Let’s explore what Uzbek has to offer.

Photo credit - upyernoz

The Silk Road

Many wonderful sights can be explored following the route of the former Silk Road as it passes through Uzbekistan and is a good start to exploring the flat and seemingly endless countryside. Khiva is a top stop; formerly a capital city (at the time a kingdom called Khorezm), it’s now a wonderful open-air museum on a city that flourished in riches from the Silk road trade. Check out the East Gate, which was once home to a slave trade market. There’s the Tash Havli palace, with rooms for all of the different suitors and concubines. And of course, the iconic Kalta Minaret, a tower intended to be Central Asia’s tallest minaret. It stands unfinished to this day.

Smarkand is another important Silk Road destination. The gorgeous dome of the Gur Emir building is a must for all photographers (it’s actually a mausoleum), as is the Registan square. From here the gates and pillars feel as authentic and iconic as more famed backdrops, like the Taj Mahal.

Lastly but certainly not least is Bukhara, full of visitor attractions. The Ark, a palace, features a museum on the city’s history and the nearby Zindan is a hot spot to see the Bug Pit, a torture chamber which needs little explanation. But the real star of the show is the Kalyan Minaret, once the tallest building in Central Asia and the oldest monument in Bukhara (built around 1127). The first time it was built, it collapsed due to some mis-engineering, but it was finally erected properly and was spared by Genghis Khan when he destroyed the city in the 1200s.

Photo credit - upyernoz

Tashkent Architecture

The Uzbek capital of Tashkent was destroyed in 1966 after a strong earthquake. Because the city was under strong Soviet control at the time, today the city looks far more Soviet than elsewhere in the region. Everything from traffic signs to monuments and parks have that “look” (hard to describe, but you’ll know it when you see it). But you simply must take in the Soviet influence on the Tashkent subway. The highlight is the Cosmonaut station but nearly every stop is like a museum.

Photo credit - ideali

Food and Drinks

I can’t seem to talk about anywhere without talking about the food. But first, let’s mention something that many travelers complain about: getting ripped off. You’ll find many restaurants don’t have menus. This is so they can charge you an unreasonable fee after you’ve already eaten. To avoid this, ask for price information up front if it isn’t available, and be firm in asking for an itemized bill. Challenge it if it contradicts what you were told (though you’ll likely get footed with it anyway).

Manti is a huge Uzbek favorite, no surprise as you’ll find manti in both Turkey as well as the other Central Asian states. It’s a dumpling filled with lamb (and a lot of lamb fat), then steamed. It’s delicious. Somsas are another tasty treat that you’ll find in restaurants or even on the street; they can be filled with potatoes or pumpkin or meat. In summer you’ll see ‘spring’ somsas, which are filled with a special grass that grows in the mountains. If they’re made traditionally they’ll be put into a clay tandoori, which adds to the flavour.

To wash it all down, you’ll have plenty of choice for drink (though be careful with tap water, which is usually to be avoided). Tea is a popular option, and tradition states the tea be poured from the pot to the cup and back three times, then the fourth time it is offered to the guests. Hospitality plays a huge role in Uzbek tradition, so tea cups do not stay empty for long.

Uzbek also has some great wines, believe it or not. Khovrenko Winery is one of the most well known, but there’s several in the country. You can even go to a wine tasting in Bukhara in the west.

If You Go

You’ll of course need a visa to visit Uzbekistan. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs website explains the process and fees in detail. For many, you’ll need a Letter of Invitation, which your travel agent or accommodation can obtain for you. Once you arrive in the country, you’ll need to register your local address, but if you stay at a respectable hotel they’ll handle this for you, but just be sure that it is taken care of.

If you’re flying in, the main entry point is through Tashkent, served by several European and International carriers, as well as Middle-Eastern Airlines such as Turkish Airlines and Uzbekistan Airways. Check out CheapFlights.co.uk for some excellent flight deals heading to Tashkent.

Security and safety is a mixed bag in Uzbekistan. It is technically a police state, which has made it quite safe, but visitors should be alert at all times and use a heavy dose of common sense. Some tips:

• You’re required to carry documentation with you at all times and may be asked to see it by a police officer. Most embassy websites state that it is sufficient to carry copies of your passport (and Uzbek visa!) and leave the originals at the hotel and offer to take the officer there upon request. They won’t usually bother.

• You’ll often be propositioned to check out the “night life” – either by local tour guides or just those on the streets. Trust us, you aren’t interested in what they have to offer, just say no.

• Otherwise, just use common sense for safety. Don’t wear expensive jewellery or carry bags/purses that could be easily stolen. Street crime is just as big of a problem as overall violent crime in the region.

Unearthing Asia is a travel zine focusing on Lifestyle, Culture and Attractions all over Asia. Don’t miss out on the best travel ideas and inspirations in the region of Asia, such as this list of top Vietnamese noodle treats.

We continue our tour of the “new” backpacker circuit in Central Asia with a stop in Tajikistan. A relatively small nation, it borders several of the other ‘stans as well as well as China to the east. Tajikistan is probably most well known for its great outdoors and rugged mountains, only one of the many the experiences to be had here.

Photo credit - Irene2005

The Pamirs

The Pamirs are some of the highest mountains in the world, and man has been fascinated with them for centuries, so you’ll find solar calendars carved into the landscape, remains of earlier settlements, and petroglyphs throughout various trails and treks throughout the region. Don’t miss Karakul Lake; it’s often frozen, but the highlight relates to the lake’s name which means “black lake” – it often is a near mirror-reflection of the stunning landscape surrounding. Khorugh is somewhat of a gateway city, though you’ll want to travel with a driver given the tough driving conditions.

See also – 6 Scenic Drives in Asia – 6 Breathtaking Asian Hikes

Photo credit - Alan Cordova

Capital Pleasures

The Tajik capital is Dushanbe, and it’s an interesting one. There isn’t loads of museums and sightseeing, though the city is part of the former silk road. Dushanbe is not a place to go wandering around at night by yourself. All the off-putting things aside, there’s several good restaurants as well as shops and markets (though take care to wash any fruit and veg bought at a market before eating). A nice stop is the rebuilt fort, Hissar, which is a few miles outside of the city. And then there’s of course the beautiful Opera building, which wouldn’t look all that out of place in a European capital.

See also – Exploring Uzbekistan – Dubai’s Coastal Paradise

Photo credit - Engle & Smith

Tajik Food

As a self-proclaimed foodie, I am lucky to say I’ve had Tajik food outside of Tajik, which is a difficult find! To do Tajik food properly consists of several different rounds of flavors to tease and tempt your palette. You’ll start with a round of sweets, such as halwa – a dessert-like treat that can be filled with any number of things, such as seeds, beans, or nuts. Other sweets, dried fruits, and nuts complement this ‘starter.’ Soup comes next, such as a lovely shurbo, made with a sheep broth, or something with laghman, a hand-pulled Chinese noodle. This course typically comes with meat, as well as flat bread (called non), the same bread you’ll find throughout the region.

The centerpiece of the table is the plov, an elaborate rice dish made with meat and vegetables, typically carrot or turnip. Tradition states that plov be eaten with your hands, but not everyone does this anymore. Finally, tea is an important gesture of hospitality at the Tajik table and you’ll be offered tea before, during, and after any meal.

See also – Middle Eastern Cuisine – 10 Unusual Asian Delicacies

If You Go

Tajikistan is very much open for business and the country has made visa applications a relatively painless process. You can apply in advance (required if you will arrive by land border) or pick one up at the airport; the neat and tidy Ministry of Foreign Affairs website has plenty of information depending on the details.

If you’re flying in, the main entry point is through Dushanbe, with limited flights coming in – from Russia, Istanbul, Urumqi, Dubai and a just few others. Check out CheapFlights.co.uk for some excellent flight deals heading to Dushanbe.

Given the location and neighboring countries, Tajikistan is a place to be vigilant about safety and if something doesn’t feel right, do something about it. Water is not safe to drink, and be mindful of altitude sickness if heading far up into the Pamirs.

If you want to explore the countryside, you’ll need to hire a vehicle with a driver to get around. There is minivan service between the major cities, though you’ll find many reports of successful hitchhiking, particularly on petrol tankers headed cross-country (though we can’t vouch for the safety of this, nor the language skills likely necessary!)

Unearthing Asia is a travel zine focusing on Lifestyle, Culture and Attractions all over Asia. Don’t miss out on the best travel ideas and inspirations in the region of Asia, such as this list of top Vietnamese noodle treats. You can also check out some excellent cape verde holidays information!

You’ve heard of the ‘stans, even if you don’t realize it. They are quickly becoming the new backpacker circuit in Central Asia, offering great off-road touring, expansive nature, and that slight twinge of discomfort in not knowing how safe really things are, which the more adventurous travelers just can’t get enough of. So here’s your four-part quick guide on the ‘stans, starting with Kazakhstan.

Photo credit - Martijn Munneke

A Russian Legacy

Kazakhstan is the largest of the ‘stans and the world’s nine largest country, bordering on Russia which is just to the north. This part of Asia was under the Soviet Union’s control until 1991, and the communist legacy has left an indelible impression on the country. At first glance, the empty rusting ships that sit on the Aral Sea look like the poor victims of global warming, or perhaps the oddly placed film set. However, it was the Russians who diverted rivers away from this massive lake to irrigate cotton fields. It is a must-see.

Then there is the ever-present radioactive threat from former Soviet nuclear dumps; many villages are death traps where radiation levels are thousands of times higher than safe. Similar to the Aral Sea, across the country entire villages laid empty and abandoned, left to rot.

Photo credit - Irene2005

Almaty Joy

Almaty is the largest city in Kazakhstan and its former capital. It is a popular stop with tourists and expats because of the great urban vibe yet snow-capped mountains within eyesight on a clear day. Some of the best views are from Koktobe , which can be reached by cable car.

You cannot tour the presidential palace in Almaty, but the architecture is worth a visit. Across the street is the National Museum, which has explores Kazahk history. But when you’re finished, it is market time. Barakholka in the northwest section of town is famous for bargain discounts on knock-off products; it is busiest on weekends, especially Sunday, the perfect opportunity for people-watching. Zelyony Bazaar is another loud, crazy place where you can find great spices to take back as souvenirs.

For getting out of town, be sure to check out the Turgen Gorge, famous for its waterfalls. There are several walking trails through the forests as well as hot springs. There is so much near Almaty, hence why it makes such a great tourist base.

Photo credit - livepine

Tian Shan Mountains

It seems like most tourists I know who visit Kazakhstan head for the Tian Shan mountains. But why not – its exactly what many countries don’t have: endless miles of desolate mother nature, waiting to be explored and show off its hidden gems. Big Almaty Lake is must-see for sure – the blue of the lake is unreal. But what about the Tian Shan Astronomical Observatory? Better see it while you can – with a lack of funding, its future remains unclear. Or the Alma Arasan ski resort? Or the Kosmostantsia meteorological research center? As if another world, the Tian Shan feels like its stuck in another time. Just read this Tian Shan experience for what a preview of what these mountains are like.

If You Go

Nearly all visitors require a visa to enter Kazakhstan. However, many readers will be eligible for a simple application procedure which will grant you a tourist visa you can obtain at any Kazakhstan diplomatic mission. For details and the application, visit the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan website.

Most will find the people of this country warm and friendly as hospitality is part of the Kazakh culture; the biggest problem is a corrupt police force. Be sure to always have your paperwork on hand in case you are asked for it.

Given the size of the country, you’ll likely make heavy use of local transport. Trains and buses are the most common and most economical; you can also use air transport for a few key routes (planes are new and safe), and within cities using local taxis are cheap and fairly easy.

Enjoyed this article? Check out our other travel inspirations to Central Asia – Backpacking in Egypt – Beach Fun in Israel – Middle Eastern Cuisine

Unearthing Asia now offers travel packages throughout the region of Asia. Check out our promotional offers of Luxury Private Villas in Bali, perfect for Honeymooners or those looking for a little romance. We also have great offers for hotels in Singapore, resorts in Phuket and many more.

Photo credits - dwrawlinson

Known as the ‘sunny republic,’ Uzbekistan is arid with annual rainfall between only 4 and 8 inches. But its heavily irrigated river valleys make it the second largest cotton exporter in the world. It also contains important mineral resources and is a world leader in gold production.

Historically, Uzbekistan is exceedingly rich, making it a truly great tourist destination. More than 4,000 historic sites dot the country, and thus its stature as the pearl of the ancient Silk Road. Civilization was already ancient here when Alexander the Great conquered the region in the 4th Century BC. Up until the discovery of ocean routes to India and China, Uzbekistan lay at the crossroads of communication between East and West and was the center of trade and exchange of ideas.

The conqueror Tamerlane (1336-1405) was born near present day Shahrisabz and created an empire that extended throughout Central Asia to Turkey and south to the Ganges. Tamerlane was also a patron of the arts and transformed Samarkand into a magnificent capital for his empire. Importing artisans from conquered territories, He and later rulers commissioned majestic buildings many of which still stand.

Photo credits - Gusjer

Central among them is the Registan, which was the heart of the city. Madrasahs or Muslim religious academies face three sides of the square, giving, one built by Tamerlane’s grandson who also built an observatory which he used to advance the science of astronomy during his reign.

Another legendary city is Bukhara, lying to the west. Another oases for Silk Road caravans, Bukhara became one of the great learning centers in the Muslim world and spawned the mystical Sufi sect of Islam. The city today still contains 350 mosques and supports more than 100 religious academies. With narrow streets, many parks and gardens, numerous historical sites and lively bazaars, a visit to this ancient city will satisfy a diverse range of interests. Travel here and you are sure to find something that resonates with your spirit.

Photo credits - Sitomon

Further west still, you come to a museum under the blue sky, Khiva. A city reputed to have been founded by Shem, one of the Biblical Noah’s sons, Khiva has preserved its ancient past and been turned into a living record of its days as a key center of trade along the Silk Road. The historic center of the city contains spectacular examples of Islamic architecture. Palaces, minarets and mausoleums from centuries ago have been preserved and refurbished making Khiva a lens through which you can gaze into history.

About the Author. Julia Feydman, has always been fascinated by the history of the Great Silk Road. Over time, her passion as well as many memorable trips to the area have grown into a successful, U.S. based travel agency – East Site, Inc. Central Asia Travel is one of the major routes her company specializes in. Visit her travel website East-Site.com today and discover Uzbekistan for yourself!

Photo credits - Patrick Gage

Photo credits - Patrick Gage

The Khor Al Udaid beach lies on a very strategic location in the southeastern region of the state of Qatar, just approximately 80 kilometers away from the center of Doha. What makes this beautiful place very famous is its wide variety of sand dunes that can pile up to a gigantic height of about 40 meters in some of its sections. Aside from this beach, other fine offers of Qatar are the Fuwairit beach and the Dukhan.

The Khor Al Udaid area is also recognized by the local people as the “Inland Sea”. The area represents an extraordinary setting that is formed by a very unique mishmash of geological and geomorphologic features that cannot be found elsewhere around the globe. Undeniably, this distinct features offer a very diverse spectacle that definitely mirrors natural beauty at its most raw and pure form.

As a result, the area breeds a predominant wilderness quality that attracts more than enough of its fair share of avid travelers. Each and every landscape unit of the area definitely plays a role in proving that this southern part of Qatar is one of the most atypical but appealing destinations around the world. This list of peculiar landscape features is consisted of the large mobile dunes, inland and coastal sabkha, the recently discovered salt hummocks , the tidal embayment system, the stony deserts, and the elevated mesas and rocky outcrops.

Photo credits - Roberto Arantes

Aside from the very appealing physical structures of the landscape that comprises the beach of Khor Al Udaid in Qatar, the site’s flora and fauna also adds a high dose of instructive attractiveness to this top tourist destination. The flora components of the area represent those that are typically found in the Arabian Peninsula. As for the fauna, the group includes the species that are quite rare and regarded as threatened. These include the “dugong”, turtles, Ospreys, Arabian Gazelles, and the Arabian Oryx. The long distance migrant water fowls along with other rare species of birds also frequent this region of Qatar.

Because of that, the area not only serves as a prime location for recreation and relaxation. Instead, it serves as a splendid location where a unique ecosystem exists and prospers. Thus, the place can be used as a prime location for observing biological patterns and interactions of the otherwise missing components in natural habitats in other portions around the globe.

About the Author. Parthajit. Parthajit is a nature & landscape photographer and trekker with travel experience in the Indian Himalayas (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh), Western Ghats (India), Thailand, New Zealand, and Japan.

An oasis in the desert, Dubai is loud, crazy, glamorous, and a host of other adjective, all of them extreme. It’s one of those place that you either love or hate. But beyond the shimmering steel skyline that continues to expand at a rapid pace, there is an array of sightseeing attractions suitable for all tastes.

Burj al-Arab. Photo credit - Photo SG.

First, The Glam

You can’t miss the boat-like outline of the Burj al-Arab Hotel, which proclaims itself as the world’s only 7 star hotel. Amenities include chauffeur-driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopter landing pad, and deluxe suites with spiral staircases (yes, they’re that big), Jacuzzi, and Hermes-Faubourg toiletries. Plebeians can make reservations in advance to tour the hotel, have afternoon tea or a meal, or just drinks in the bar but keep in mind the dress code – we’ll leave you decide what “very smart casual” means.

Palm Islands, the largest artificial islands in the world. Photo credit - twocentsworth.

Alternatively, head for the flat but just as impressive Palm Islands, the largest artificial islands in the world. More impressive from above, the islands (which are not completely finished) will have residential housing, shops, marinas, restaurants, as well as a nice opportunity for a waterfront stroll.

Ski Dubai, indoor ski resort. Photo credit - JonRawlinson.

If all of that wasn’t enough, then how about skiing? Yes, Dubai has its own indoor ski resort, Ski Dubai, where you can show up and rent everything you need for a few runs down the slope. When the heat is on, head for the snow.

Then, Something More Reserved

Of course these towering expressions of modern infrastructure overshadow the “old Dubai”, Dubai has been here for awhile. The first mention of the city was in 1095 and this glitzy town was a small fishing village which had one of the largest markets in the region. Perhaps the city was bound for its current cosmopolitan destiny.

Al Fahidi Fort. Photo credit - Trippin Larry.

To understand this history a bit more, it is best to start at the Al Fahidi Fort, built in 1799 and the oldest piece of architecture in the city – considered a masterpiece of its time. Underneath there are exhibits that beautifully illustrate the city’s rocketing timeline to fame and fortune. The fort is in the Bastakiya District which is a great area to soak up some atmosphere with all of the medieval construction and pop into a gallery or café.

Jumeirah Mosque. Photo credit - Simon Halsey.

The city’s largest mosque and most popular with the tourists is the Jumeriah Mosque. Build in 1978, it’s a gorgeous structure and a great way to learn more about the local Muslim culture. Plus it’s the only mosque in town where non-Muslims can visit. Tours are 10AM Saturday, Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday; there are no reservations but be sure to arrive on time. Shoulders should be covered and women should not wear short skirts.

Gold Souk. Photo credit - lloydi.

And a Word About Shopping

Dubai isn’t the discount shopper’s paradise it once was; the malls are seemingly endless and you’ll have no problem finding what you’re looking for. But head out to the souks for a more interesting shopping experience. The gold souk is not for the faint of heart – this is the real deal and items are priced accordingly. But be sure to stop in even just to window browse – this is one of the oldest market areas. If you go to any souks, be sure to haggle as it is to be expected. If it is your first time haggling, check out this story of Haggling for Dummies to ease your fears.

If You Go

Dubai is relatively easy to access nowadays with a burgeoning air network to/from Dubai and Abu Dhabi, the capital of the UAE only 1.5 hours away. Keep in mind that in summer, Dubai is hot – during the summer (May-September) the days are scorching hot at over 100 degrees Fahrenheit and high humidity. Don’t forget to wear sunscreen, bring your sunglasses (or buy new ones), and be prepared to adjust your schedule accordingly so you don’t wilt in the desert sun.